View source for Boergstrom, Really Old, like 1950s old

Mutation:

NOUNS
*'''Lenition''' of initial consonants: cat- dà chat
*Prefixation of a '''nasal''' consonant: cat- an cat; phonemically: /(ə) Nkahd/
*'''Palatalization''' of final consonants on root morphemes: an cat – a’ chait, na cait; this is often accompanied by, or even replaced by, vocalic mutation: an ceann- na cinn. 

VERBS
*'''Palatalization''' of final consonants occurs, but is ‘relatively unimportant’
*'''Lentition''' (a & a dh’) is productive in characterizing the relative mode of all tenses

Borgstroem makes the claim that the syntax of the modes of verbs parallels that of the cases of nouns:
*'''Nominative – independent''' 
**Can be used without a sentence, ie. as an answer to a question
**In the sentence the verb comes first and the nom second
*'''Genitive – relative'''
**The genitive noun is always governed by some antecedent
***A noun
****Biadh a’ choin
****The dog’s food
***A verbal noun governs its object in the genitive
****Thà a’ bhò ‘g ithe an fheòir
****The cow is eating the grass
***A compound preposition: 
****air son, an aghaidh
***Sometimes a simple preposition
****fad, bharr
***The adjective làn 
****Làn fala
****Full of blood
***Also, two nouns in genitive case maybe coordinated without repetition of the antecedent
**The relative verb is always governed by some antecedent
***a noun
****Baidh a dh’itheas an cù
****food that the dog will eat
***Certain conjunctions 
****'nuair, mà, mar, agus
***Interrogatives
****Cò thuigeas sin?
****Who can understand that?
***Topicalized(?)/left dislocated(?) words
****‘s ann am maireach a thilleas e
****‘it is tomorrow he will return’
*'''Dative – dependent''' 
**A noun in the dative is always governed by a preposition
***Of the 15 prepositions that can be conjugated, all except chun and eadar govern a noun in the dative
***Unlike in the above cases, when dative nouns are coordinated, there must be a preposition before each one. 
**A verb in the dependent case is always governed by a proclitic particle
***as in the dative noun case, when dependent verbs are coordinated, the particle must be repeated in each instance

'''INTERIM SUMMARY'''
*'''Nom/indep''' forms do not presuppose any antecedents
*'''Gen/rel''' forms presuppose antecedents which are often nouns or have a certain affinity to nouns; the antecedent need not be repeated in coordinated phrases
*'''Dat/dep''' forms presuppose immediately preceding antecedents which are not nouns, adjectives, or verbs.

'''Where the parallelism breaks down'''
*NOM nouns can fill-in for other forms in certain contexts
**After verbal nouns
***‘g ithe feur
**Before another noun in GEN
***Air cas a’ ghille
**After the prepositions gun and eadar
*The independent form of the verb, however, never occurs after a governing antecedent

'''Discussion of morpheme boundaries (Key Points):'''

*Stressed syllables are with few exceptions, word initial
**Munster Irish diverges
*Root morphemes are with few exceptions, word initial
*Gaelic may be a “mildly synthetic” language