Difference between revisions of "Thematic Relation (definition)"
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[[Category:Technical Definitions]] | [[Category:Technical Definitions]] | ||
| − | + | Thematic relations classify the semantic relationships between a verb and the nouns in its clause. | |
| − | For instance, the notion of kissing requires an agent and a | + | For instance, the notion of kissing requires an [[Agent (definition)|agent]] and a [[Theme (definition)|theme]] to make a complete semantic event. These thematic relations are expressed through noun phrases, so we may say that in (1) ''Smith'' takes the agent thematic relation, and ''Jones'' takes the theme thematic relation. |
:''1) Smith kissed Jones.'' | :''1) Smith kissed Jones.'' | ||
| − | ''Smith'' takes the agent role because he or she is the one who does the kissing. ''Jones'' takes the | + | ''Smith'' takes the agent role because he or she is the one who does the kissing. ''Jones'' takes the theme role because he or she is the one being kissed. |
| − | Linguists disagree on what an exhaustive inventory of thematic | + | Linguists disagree on what an exhaustive inventory of thematic relations would consist of. However, the following are widely accepted (adapted from Carnie 2006): |
:• [[Agent (definition)|'''Agents''']] do or precipitate the action | :• [[Agent (definition)|'''Agents''']] do or precipitate the action | ||
| − | |||
:• [[Experiencer (definition)|'''Experiencers''']] feel or perceive an event | :• [[Experiencer (definition)|'''Experiencers''']] feel or perceive an event | ||
| − | :• [[Theme (definition)|'''Themes''']] are moved, experienced or perceived | + | :• [[Theme (definition)|'''Themes''']] are moved, experienced or perceived (often also called "patients" |
:• [[Goal (definition)|'''Goals''']] are entities toward which movement occurs | :• [[Goal (definition)|'''Goals''']] are entities toward which movement occurs | ||
:• [[Source (definition)|'''Sources''']] are entities from which movement occurs | :• [[Source (definition)|'''Sources''']] are entities from which movement occurs | ||
| Line 20: | Line 19: | ||
:• [[Beneficiary (definition)|'''Beneficiaries''']] are those for whom an event takes place | :• [[Beneficiary (definition)|'''Beneficiaries''']] are those for whom an event takes place | ||
| − | Note that many of these thematic | + | Note that many of these thematic relations correlate with traditional [[Case (definition)|case]] distinctions. Thematic relations are considered purely semantic classes, and one syntactic argument may bear more than one thematic relation. But clearly thematic relations do have an effect on syntax; in some generative grammars this interface with syntactic structure is handled through [[Theta Role (definition)|theta roles]]. |
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
| Line 27: | Line 26: | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| + | The link below takes you away from the Gaelic Wiki to Wikipedia. Since wikipedia pages can be edited by anyone, they often contain inaccurate information. So be careful! | ||
*wikipedia article on Thematic Relations: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thematic_relation | *wikipedia article on Thematic Relations: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thematic_relation | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | *Carnie, Andrew. 2006. Syntax: A Generative introduction. 2nd Edition. Blackwell Publishers. | + | *Carnie, Andrew. 2006. Syntax: A Generative introduction. 2nd Edition. Blackwell Publishers. ISBN 1405133848 |
[[Category: Technical Definitions]] | [[Category: Technical Definitions]] | ||
[[Category: Syntax]] | [[Category: Syntax]] | ||
[[Category: Semantics]] | [[Category: Semantics]] | ||
| + | [[Category: Thematic Relations]] | ||
Latest revision as of 13:44, 6 June 2012
Thematic relations classify the semantic relationships between a verb and the nouns in its clause.
For instance, the notion of kissing requires an agent and a theme to make a complete semantic event. These thematic relations are expressed through noun phrases, so we may say that in (1) Smith takes the agent thematic relation, and Jones takes the theme thematic relation.
- 1) Smith kissed Jones.
Smith takes the agent role because he or she is the one who does the kissing. Jones takes the theme role because he or she is the one being kissed.
Linguists disagree on what an exhaustive inventory of thematic relations would consist of. However, the following are widely accepted (adapted from Carnie 2006):
- • Agents do or precipitate the action
- • Experiencers feel or perceive an event
- • Themes are moved, experienced or perceived (often also called "patients"
- • Goals are entities toward which movement occurs
- • Sources are entities from which movement occurs
- • Locations are the places in which events occur
- • Instruments are used to perform an action
- • Beneficiaries are those for whom an event takes place
Note that many of these thematic relations correlate with traditional case distinctions. Thematic relations are considered purely semantic classes, and one syntactic argument may bear more than one thematic relation. But clearly thematic relations do have an effect on syntax; in some generative grammars this interface with syntactic structure is handled through theta roles.
See Also
External Links
The link below takes you away from the Gaelic Wiki to Wikipedia. Since wikipedia pages can be edited by anyone, they often contain inaccurate information. So be careful!
- wikipedia article on Thematic Relations: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thematic_relation
References
- Carnie, Andrew. 2006. Syntax: A Generative introduction. 2nd Edition. Blackwell Publishers. ISBN 1405133848
