Difference between revisions of "Adverbs"
From Scottish Gaelic Grammar Wiki
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|align="left"|''gu lèir'' | |align="left"|''gu lèir'' | ||
|align="left"| 'completely' | |align="left"| 'completely' | ||
| + | |- | ||
|align="left"|''gu mòr'' | |align="left"|''gu mòr'' | ||
|align="left"| 'greatly' | |align="left"| 'greatly' | ||
| + | |- | ||
|align="left"|''direach'' | |align="left"|''direach'' | ||
|align="left"| 'exactly' | |align="left"| 'exactly' | ||
| + | |- | ||
|align="left"|''glè'' | |align="left"|''glè'' | ||
|align="left"| 'very' | |align="left"| 'very' | ||
| + | |- | ||
|align="left"|''ro'' | |align="left"|''ro'' | ||
| − | |align="left"| ' | + | |align="left"| 'extremely' |
|- | |- | ||
|} (Lamb 2001) | |} (Lamb 2001) | ||
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|align="left"| ''gu dearbh'' | |align="left"| ''gu dearbh'' | ||
|align="left"| 'indeed' | |align="left"| 'indeed' | ||
| + | |- | ||
|align="left"| ''gu deimhinne'' | |align="left"| ''gu deimhinne'' | ||
|align="left"| 'with certaintly' | |align="left"| 'with certaintly' | ||
| + | |- | ||
|align="left"| ''gun teagamh'' | |align="left"| ''gun teagamh'' | ||
|align="left"| 'without a doubt' | |align="left"| 'without a doubt' | ||
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|align="left"|''gu ìre'' | |align="left"|''gu ìre'' | ||
|align="left"| 'to an extent' | |align="left"| 'to an extent' | ||
| + | |- | ||
|align="left"|''gu ìre bheag'' | |align="left"|''gu ìre bheag'' | ||
|align="left"| 'to some extent' | |align="left"| 'to some extent' | ||
| + | |- | ||
|align="left"|''an ìre mhath'' | |align="left"|''an ìre mhath'' | ||
|align="left"| 'sometimes' | |align="left"| 'sometimes' | ||
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|align="left"|''cha mhòr'' | |align="left"|''cha mhòr'' | ||
|align="left"| 'almost' | |align="left"| 'almost' | ||
| + | |- | ||
|align="left"|'''s dòcha'' | |align="left"|'''s dòcha'' | ||
|align="left"| 'perhaps' | |align="left"| 'perhaps' | ||
| + | |- | ||
|align="left"|''ma dh 'fhaoidte'' | |align="left"|''ma dh 'fhaoidte'' | ||
|align="left"| 'perhaps' | |align="left"| 'perhaps' | ||
Revision as of 13:37, 10 September 2012
Adverbs in Gaelic can be formed by using the inflectional morpheme 'gu'. However, many Adverbs in Gaelic are non-inflected, and thus occur as fixed phrases.
Contents
Non-inflected Adverbs
Non inflected Adverbs
Manner Adverbs
Adverbs with 'gu'
Largest Group, Adjvective + gu = adverb
Thuirt Seamus ris gu fuar say-PAST Seamus to him ADV cold 'Seamus said coldly.'
mor > gu mor
great/ large > greatly
can take intensifiers "glè" (very), and "ro"'extremely:
Largest Group, Adjvective + gu = adverb
Thuirt Seamus ris gu glè fuar say-PAST Seamus to him ADV very cold 'Seamus said very coldly.'
Ones Formed using Prepositions
| air èiginn | 'with difficulty' | air chall | 'lost' |
| fa sgaoil | 'in dispersed fashion' | air seòl | 'sailing' |
| an làthair | 'present' | aur iteal | 'flying' |
Time Adverbs
Present
| an ceart-uair | 'just now' | a-nochd | 'tonight' |
| a-nis(d) | 'now (contrastive)' | am bliadhna | 'this year' |
| an-dràsda | 'now' | an-diugh | 'today' |
Past
| an-dè | 'yesterday' | a-bhòn-dè | 'day before yesterday' |
| an uiridh | 'last year' | an-raoir | 'last night' |
| a-bhòn-raoir | 'now' | Mar-thà/Mu-thrath | 'already' |
Future
| an eara(i)r | 'day after tomorrow' | gu sìorraidh | 'for eternity' |
| a-màireach | 'tomorrow' | an ath-bliadhna | 'next year' |
| an ath-oidhch | 'tomorrow night' | tuilleadh | 'forever' |
Indefinite
| an còmhnaidh | 'always' | greis | 'for a while' |
| uaireannan | 'sometimes' | fhathast | 'still/yet' |
| uaireigin | 'sometime' |
Direction and Location
| English | Movement | Location |
|---|---|---|
| up | "suas" | "shuas" |
| down | "sìos" | "shìos" |
| over here | "a-nall" | "a-bhos" |
| over there | "a-null" | "thall" |
Degree
Amplification, Emphasis, downtoning, and Hedges
Amplifiers
| gu lèir | 'completely' |
| gu mòr | 'greatly' |
| direach | 'exactly' |
| glè | 'very' |
| ro | 'extremely' |
Emphatics
| gu dearbh | 'indeed' |
| gu deimhinne | 'with certaintly' |
| gun teagamh | 'without a doubt' |
Downtoners
| gu ìre | 'to an extent' |
| gu ìre bheag | 'to some extent' |
| an ìre mhath | 'sometimes' |
Hedgess
| cha mhòr | 'almost' |
| 's dòcha | 'perhaps' |
| ma dh 'fhaoidte | 'perhaps' |
