Difference between revisions of "Prepositions"
From Scottish Gaelic Grammar Wiki
(→List of Gaelic Complex and Compound Prepositions) |
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*an ceann 'within' GEN | *an ceann 'within' GEN | ||
*an coinneamh 'met with' GEN | *an coinneamh 'met with' GEN | ||
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*an dèidh 'after' GEN | *an dèidh 'after' GEN | ||
*an làthair 'in the presence of' GEN | *an làthair 'in the presence of' GEN | ||
| − | + | ||
*às aonais 'without' GEN | *às aonais 'without' GEN | ||
*às eugmhais 'without' GEN | *às eugmhais 'without' GEN | ||
*às leth 'on behalf of' GEN | *às leth 'on behalf of' GEN | ||
*às dèidh 'after' GEN | *às dèidh 'after' GEN | ||
| − | |||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | |||
*fa chomhair 'opposite' GEN | *fa chomhair 'opposite' GEN | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
*mu chomhair 'opposite' GEN | *mu chomhair 'opposite' GEN | ||
*mu dheidhinn 'concerning' GEN | *mu dheidhinn 'concerning' GEN | ||
*mu thimcheall 'regarding' GEN | *mu thimcheall 'regarding' GEN | ||
*mun cuairt 'around' GEN | *mun cuairt 'around' GEN | ||
| − | |||
*os cionn 'above' GEN | *os cionn 'above' GEN | ||
| − | |||
*ri taobh 'beside' GEN | *ri taobh 'beside' GEN | ||
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|rowspan="13"|DAT | |rowspan="13"|DAT | ||
| + | |*an coimeas ri 'compared to' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |*an taca ri 'next to' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |*barrachd air 'in addition to' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |*còmhla ri 'along with' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |*cuide ri 'along with' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |*faisg air 'close to' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |*goirid air 'close to' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |*làmh ri 'next to', 'compared to' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |*maille ri 'along with' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |*mun cuairt air 'around" | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |*seachad air 'past' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |*suas ri 'up to' | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |*thairis air 'across' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|rowspan="28"|GEN | |rowspan="28"|GEN | ||
Revision as of 09:24, 17 October 2012
For a definition of preposition see the page Preposition (definition)
Gaelic has both simple prepositions and complex ones. In this article you'll find first a list of all the prepositions, then at the bottom you'll find some useful charts about how prepositions inflect for person and number.
Contents
List of Gaelic Simple Prepositions
- aig 'at' (does not lenite, takes dative case)
- air 'on' (does **not** lenite, takes dative case)
- ann an/ anns/ ann 'in' (ann an does not lenite and takes dative case)
- à/às 'out of'/'from' (as in place of national origin) (does **not** lenite, takes dative case)
- bho 'from' (as in source of movement) (lenite, takes dative case)
- chun 'to the' (in the sense of "as far as" but not "into" (can only be used with a definite noun, does not lenite, and takes genitive case)
- de (dheL/deL) 'of/off' (lenite, takes dative case)
- do (doL) 'to/for' (lenite, takes dative case)
- fo (foL) 'under' (lenite, takes dative case)
- eadar 'between' (does **not** lenite, takes accusative case)
- far 'off' (does not lenite, takes genitive case)
- gu (thun/chun) 'to' (gu does not lenite, takes dative case, gus lenite and takes XXX case)
- gun 'without' (lenite (except the dental sounds <d,t,n,l,r,s>). Depending upon the dialect it takes either dative or accusative case)
- le 'with' (does not [[[Lenition|lenite]], takes dative case)
- mar 'like'/'as'
- Mu (preposition) 'about' (lenite, takes dative case)
- o 'from' (lenite, takes dative case)
- rè 'during' (does not lenite (except when the object is a definite plural), and takes genitive case)
- ri 'to' (does not lenite, takes dative case)
- ro (roimh) 'before' (lenite, takes dative case)
- thar 'over'/'beyond' (does not [[[Lenition|lenite]], and takes genitive case)
- tharsainn 'across' (does not lenite, and takes genitive case)
- trìd 'through, on account of' (does not lenite, and takes genitive case)
- tro (troimh) 'through' (lenite, takes dative case)
List of Gaelic Complex and Compound Prepositions
(List taken from Mark 2004:686 and Lamb 2003:49)
- a chum 'for the purpose of' GEN
- a dh'ionnsaigh 'towards' GEN
- a rèir 'according to' GEN
- a thaobh 'regarding' GEN
- air cùlaibh 'behind' GEN
- air feadh 'amongst' GEN
- air muin 'on top of' GEN
- air sgàth 'for the sake of' GEN
- air son 'for'/'because' GEN
- air tòir ' in pursuit of GEN
- am fianais 'in the presence of' GEN
- am measg 'among' GEN
- an aghaidh 'against' GEN
- an àite 'in place of' GEN
- an ceann 'within' GEN
- an coinneamh 'met with' GEN
- an dèidh 'after' GEN
- an làthair 'in the presence of' GEN
- às aonais 'without' GEN
- às eugmhais 'without' GEN
- às leth 'on behalf of' GEN
- às dèidh 'after' GEN
- fa chomhair 'opposite' GEN
- mu chomhair 'opposite' GEN
- mu dheidhinn 'concerning' GEN
- mu thimcheall 'regarding' GEN
- mun cuairt 'around' GEN
- os cionn 'above' GEN
- ri taobh 'beside' GEN
| CASE take by following noun | Preposition |
|---|---|
| ACC | *ceangailte ri 'tied to' |
| *coltach ri 'similar to' | |
| *gu ruige 'as far as, up to' | |
| DAT | *an coimeas ri 'compared to' |
| *an taca ri 'next to' | |
| *barrachd air 'in addition to' | |
| *còmhla ri 'along with' | |
| *cuide ri 'along with' | |
| *faisg air 'close to' | |
| *goirid air 'close to' | |
| *làmh ri 'next to', 'compared to' | |
| *maille ri 'along with' | |
| *mun cuairt air 'around" | |
| *seachad air 'past' | |
| *suas ri 'up to' | |
| *thairis air 'across' | |
| GEN | |
List of Gaelic Adverbial Particles (intransitive prepositions)
- a-bhàn 'down', 'downwards'
- a-nìos 'up', 'upwards'
The Inflection of Gaelic Prepositions
Gaelic Prepositions inflect for person, number and gender when they take a pronoun as an object. For example if we were to say "at me", we use the inflected form "agam".
- A complete set of inflected form of the prepositions can be found at Prepositional Inflection
External Links
- An Coitcheann page on Prepositions: http://wikademy.wikispaces.com/Prepositions
References
- Mark, Colin (2004) The Gaelic-English Dictionary/Am faclair Gàidhlig-Beurla. London: Routledge
- Lamb, William (2003) Scottish Gaelic. 2nd edition. Munich: Lingcom Europa
- Deiseal Earranta tta (2006) Reference Cards: Sealbhairean Roimhearach/Riochdairean Roimhearach.
