Difference between revisions of "Sentential possession"
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| + | ==Possession using 'Aig'== | ||
Gaelic has no verb 'have' . Instead sentential possession is indicated by using the verb [[Bi]] (Tha, Bha, Beidh etc) followed by the possessed element followed by the preposition [[Aig (preposition)|aig]] and then the possessor: | Gaelic has no verb 'have' . Instead sentential possession is indicated by using the verb [[Bi]] (Tha, Bha, Beidh etc) followed by the possessed element followed by the preposition [[Aig (preposition)|aig]] and then the possessor: | ||
| − | (1) | + | :(1) |
| − | + | : {| | |
|Tha||leabhar||aig||Calum | |Tha||leabhar||aig||Calum | ||
|- | |- | ||
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When the possessor is pronominal one of the inflected forms of [[Aig (preposition)|aig]] (e.g. agam, agad, aige, etc.) is used: | When the possessor is pronominal one of the inflected forms of [[Aig (preposition)|aig]] (e.g. agam, agad, aige, etc.) is used: | ||
| − | (2) | + | :(2) |
| − | + | :{| | |
|Tha||leabhar||aige | |Tha||leabhar||aige | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|} | |} | ||
| − | ==Idioms using ''Tha ... agam''== | + | ===Idioms using ''Tha ... agam''=== |
| + | |||
| + | *''Need'': Tha feum agam dòl "I need to go" | ||
| + | *''Love'': Tha gaol agam ort "I love you'' | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ==Possession using ''Le''== | ||
| + | To indicate a more intimate kind of possession, such as ownership, Gaelic uses a structure parallel to the one above, using the preposition [[Le (preposition)]] meaning ''with'', instead of aig. Just as Gaelic doesn't have a verb ''have'' it also doesn't have a verb "own'': | ||
| + | |||
| + | :(3) | ||
| + | : {| | ||
| + | |Tha||leabhar||le||Calum | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |Be.pres||book||with||Calum | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |colspan="4"|Calum owns a book | ||
| + | |} | ||
| − | + | When the possessor is pronominal one of the inflected forms of [[Aig (preposition)|aig]] (e.g. agam, agad, aige, etc.) is used: | |
| − | + | ||
| + | :(4) | ||
| + | :{| | ||
| + | |Tha||leabhar||leis | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |Be.pres||book||with.3sm | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |colspan="4"|He owns a book | ||
| + | |} | ||
==see also== | ==see also== | ||
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*how to indicate the perfect (I have eaten): [[Viewpoint Aspect]] | *how to indicate the perfect (I have eaten): [[Viewpoint Aspect]] | ||
*how to indicate obligation (I have to go/I need to go): [[Modality]] | *how to indicate obligation (I have to go/I need to go): [[Modality]] | ||
| − | + | ||
[[Category: Syntax]] | [[Category: Syntax]] | ||
Revision as of 18:47, 21 June 2009
Possession using 'Aig'
Gaelic has no verb 'have' . Instead sentential possession is indicated by using the verb Bi (Tha, Bha, Beidh etc) followed by the possessed element followed by the preposition aig and then the possessor:
- (1)
Tha leabhar aig Calum Be.pres book at Calum Calum has a book
When the possessor is pronominal one of the inflected forms of aig (e.g. agam, agad, aige, etc.) is used:
- (2)
Tha leabhar aige Be.pres book at.3sm He has a book
Idioms using Tha ... agam
- Need: Tha feum agam dòl "I need to go"
- Love: Tha gaol agam ort "I love you
Possession using Le
To indicate a more intimate kind of possession, such as ownership, Gaelic uses a structure parallel to the one above, using the preposition Le (preposition) meaning with, instead of aig. Just as Gaelic doesn't have a verb have it also doesn't have a verb "own:
- (3)
Tha leabhar le Calum Be.pres book with Calum Calum owns a book
When the possessor is pronominal one of the inflected forms of aig (e.g. agam, agad, aige, etc.) is used:
- (4)
Tha leabhar leis Be.pres book with.3sm He owns a book
see also
- Genitive case
- Pronominal possession
- how to indicate the perfect (I have eaten): Viewpoint Aspect
- how to indicate obligation (I have to go/I need to go): Modality
