Difference between revisions of "Grammatical (Viewpoint) Aspect"
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Be + subject + air + (object) + (prt) + verbal noun | Be + subject + air + (object) + (prt) + verbal noun | ||
*Bha mi air an obair a dheànamh | *Bha mi air an obair a dheànamh | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | {|: | ||
| + | |Bha/tha/bithidh | ||
| + | |mi | ||
| + | |air | ||
| + | |litir | ||
| + | |a | ||
| + | |sgriobhadh | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |be.past/be.pres/be.fut | ||
| + | |1sg | ||
| + | |AIR | ||
| + | |letter | ||
| + | |Agreement | ||
| + | |write.vn | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |colspan=6|'I had/have/will have written a letter.' | ||
| + | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
With an object pronoun: Be + subject + air +possessive pronoun + verbal noun | With an object pronoun: Be + subject + air +possessive pronoun + verbal noun | ||
*Bha mi air a dheanamh "I had done it" | *Bha mi air a dheanamh "I had done it" | ||
Revision as of 22:34, 2 October 2012
For a definition of the term grammatical aspect see Grammatical Aspect (definition); For a definition of the term aspect see Aspect (definition)
Scottish Gaelic makes several semantic distinctions of viewpoint aspect, including Perfective (Aorist), Imperfective, Habitual, Stative, Perfect, After-Perfect, Prospective, and Proximate Prospective. These semantic distinctions are variously instantiated in the morphosyntax.
Contents
Perfective (Aorist)
Imperfective also known as the Progressive
With a full NP object:
- Be + subject + ag + VN +object (if definite, then genitive)
- Tha mi ag deànamh an obair
with a pronominal object
- Be + subject +gam/gad/ga/etc. + vn
- tha e 'gam choinneachadh
- He's meeting me.
Habitual
Stative
Perfect
takes Inverted Nominal
Be + subject + air + (object) + (prt) + verbal noun
- Bha mi air an obair a dheànamh
| Bha/tha/bithidh | mi | air | litir | a | sgriobhadh |
| be.past/be.pres/be.fut | 1sg | AIR | letter | Agreement | write.vn |
| 'I had/have/will have written a letter.' | |||||
With an object pronoun: Be + subject + air +possessive pronoun + verbal noun
- Bha mi air a dheanamh "I had done it"
Recent Perfect or After-Perfect
takes Inverted Nominal
Prospective
uses a' dol a + infinitive
- Bha/tha/bithidh Calum a’ dol a phòsadh
- Màiri. be.PAST/be.PRES/be.FUT Calum PROG go.VN PRT marry.VN Màiri
- ‘Calum was/is/will be going to marry Màiri.’
Proximate perspective
takes Inverted Nominal
- Tha mi gu litir a sgrìobhadh.
- Is 1S GU letter TRAN write.VN
- ‘I am about to write a letter.’
See Also
External Links
References
- MacDonald, J.A. (1976) Gàidhlig Bheo, vol 3 National Extension College
