Pharyngeal (definition)

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Pharyngeal is a place of articulation, wherein sounds are achieved by pushing the tongue root near the pharynx. In the International Phonetic Alphabet, they are rare and contain only voiced and unvoiced pharyngeal fricatives. The symbols of these sounds are [ħ] and [ʕ] and they are not found in Scottish Gaelic.

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References

  • Crystal, David. (1997) A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
  • Ladefoged, Peter (1993) A Course in Phonetics Third Edition. London: Harcourt Press.
  • Matthews, P. H. (1997) The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.