Difference between revisions of "Às (preposition)"
From Scottish Gaelic Grammar Wiki
AndrewCarnie (talk | contribs) |
|||
| (8 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
[[Category: Lexical Item]] | [[Category: Lexical Item]] | ||
| − | + | [[Category: Preposition]] | |
| + | [[Category: Morphology]] | ||
| + | *''For other prepositions see [[prepositions]]'' | ||
| + | Gaelic [[preposition]], meaning roughly "out of", "away from" or "from". It governs the [[dative]] case, and does not usually trigger [[lenition]] on following indefinite nouns. | ||
| − | |||
| − | + | ==Simple forms== | |
| − | |||
| − | + | *bare form: ''à'' 'on a' | |
| + | *before [[Vowel (definition)|vowels]]: "às" | ||
| + | *definite form: ''às an'' 'on the'. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Basic inflected forms== | ||
Like most prepositions, ''à'' can be inflected for [[person]], [[number]], and [[gender]]. For example, to say "out of me", we use the single word ''asam''. | Like most prepositions, ''à'' can be inflected for [[person]], [[number]], and [[gender]]. For example, to say "out of me", we use the single word ''asam''. | ||
| − | + | <TABLE columns="4" border=1 cellpadding=2, rules="all"> | |
<TR><TH colspan="2"><TH colspan="1">singular<TH colspan="1">plural | <TR><TH colspan="2"><TH colspan="1">singular<TH colspan="1">plural | ||
<TR><TH colspan="2">1st<TD>asam<TD>asainn | <TR><TH colspan="2">1st<TD>asam<TD>asainn | ||
| Line 18: | Line 23: | ||
<TR><TH rowspan="2">3rd<TH>Masc<TD>às<TD rowspan="2">asta | <TR><TH rowspan="2">3rd<TH>Masc<TD>às<TD rowspan="2">asta | ||
<TR><TH>Fem<TD>aiste | <TR><TH>Fem<TD>aiste | ||
| − | </TABLE> | + | </TABLE> |
| + | |||
| − | + | ==Emphatic Inflected forms== | |
| − | Special emphatic forms are used if we want to emphasize the pronoun in the inflected preposition. (e.g. | + | Special emphatic forms are used if we want to emphasize the pronoun in the inflected preposition. (e.g. asamsa "out of ME") |
| − | + | <TABLE columns="4" border=1 cellpadding=2, rules="all"> | |
<TR><TH colspan="2"><TH colspan="1">singular<TH colspan="1">plural | <TR><TH colspan="2"><TH colspan="1">singular<TH colspan="1">plural | ||
| − | <TR><TH colspan="2">1st<TD> | + | <TR><TH colspan="2">1st<TD>asam-sa<TD>asainn-ne |
| − | <TR><TH colspan="2">2nd<TD> | + | <TR><TH colspan="2">2nd<TD>asad-sa<TD>asaibh-se |
| − | <TR><TH rowspan="2">3rd<TH>Masc<TD>às-san<TD rowspan="2"> | + | <TR><TH rowspan="2">3rd<TH>Masc<TD>às-san<TD rowspan="2">asta-san |
| − | <TR><TH>Fem<TD> | + | <TR><TH>Fem<TD>aiste-se |
| − | </TABLE> | + | </TABLE> |
| − | + | ==Possessive inflected forms:== | |
No Special forms are used for possessives. (Mark 2004:20) | No Special forms are used for possessives. (Mark 2004:20) | ||
| − | + | <TABLE columns="4" border=1 cellpadding=2, rules="all"> | |
<TR><TH colspan="2"><TH colspan="1">singular<TH colspan="1">plural | <TR><TH colspan="2"><TH colspan="1">singular<TH colspan="1">plural | ||
<TR><TH colspan="2">1st<TD>à mo<sup>L</sup><TD>às ar<sup>N</sup> | <TR><TH colspan="2">1st<TD>à mo<sup>L</sup><TD>às ar<sup>N</sup> | ||
| Line 43: | Line 49: | ||
<TR><TH rowspan="2">3rd<TH>Masc<TD>às a<sup>L</sup><TD rowspan="2">às an<sup>N</sup> | <TR><TH rowspan="2">3rd<TH>Masc<TD>às a<sup>L</sup><TD rowspan="2">às an<sup>N</sup> | ||
<TR><TH>Fem<TD>às a<sup>H</sup> | <TR><TH>Fem<TD>às a<sup>H</sup> | ||
| − | </TABLE> | + | </TABLE> |
| − | ''am'' is used instead of an "their" in front of words beginning with the [[labial]] [[ | + | ''am'' is used instead of an "their" in front of words beginning with the [[Labial (definition)|labial]] [[Consonant (definition)|consonants]] <nowiki><b>, <p>, <m>, and <f></nowiki> |
| − | |||
| − | |||
| + | ===References=== | ||
| + | Mark, Colin (2004) ''The Gaelic-English Dictionary/Am Faclair Gàidhlig-Beurla.'' London: Routledge | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
| − | In this document, as elsewhere, | + | In this document, as elsewhere, <sup>L</sup> indicates [[Lenition]] and <sup>N</sup> indicates [[Eclipsis]], (prefixation of an n- before a word beginning with vowels, and a nasalization of the next consonant (not indicated in the orthography) and <sup>H</sup> indicates [[Antilenition]] (the prefixation of h before words beginning with vowels). |
| + | {{DEFAULTSORT:As}} | ||
Latest revision as of 13:14, 31 July 2012
- For other prepositions see prepositions
Gaelic preposition, meaning roughly "out of", "away from" or "from". It governs the dative case, and does not usually trigger lenition on following indefinite nouns.
Contents
Simple forms
- bare form: à 'on a'
- before vowels: "às"
- definite form: às an 'on the'.
Basic inflected forms
Like most prepositions, à can be inflected for person, number, and gender. For example, to say "out of me", we use the single word asam.
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | asam | asainn | |
| 2nd | asad | asaibh | |
| 3rd | Masc | às | asta |
| Fem | aiste | ||
Emphatic Inflected forms
Special emphatic forms are used if we want to emphasize the pronoun in the inflected preposition. (e.g. asamsa "out of ME")
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | asam-sa | asainn-ne | |
| 2nd | asad-sa | asaibh-se | |
| 3rd | Masc | às-san | asta-san |
| Fem | aiste-se | ||
Possessive inflected forms:
No Special forms are used for possessives. (Mark 2004:20)
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | à moL | às arN | |
| 2nd | à doL | à bhurN / às urN | |
| 3rd | Masc | às aL | às anN |
| Fem | às aH | ||
am is used instead of an "their" in front of words beginning with the labial consonants <b>, <p>, <m>, and <f>
References
Mark, Colin (2004) The Gaelic-English Dictionary/Am Faclair Gàidhlig-Beurla. London: Routledge
Notes
In this document, as elsewhere, L indicates Lenition and N indicates Eclipsis, (prefixation of an n- before a word beginning with vowels, and a nasalization of the next consonant (not indicated in the orthography) and H indicates Antilenition (the prefixation of h before words beginning with vowels).
