Difference between revisions of "Auxiliary Constructions"

From Scottish Gaelic Grammar Wiki
Jump to: navigation, search
(→‎Substantive Auxiliary Constructions)
 
(7 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 15: Line 15:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|colspan="2"| 'Calum was drinking whiskey.'
 
|colspan="2"| 'Calum was drinking whiskey.'
 +
|}
 +
 +
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|Calum
 +
|'na
 +
|thidsear.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|Calum
 +
|in.3sg.m
 +
|teacher
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'Calum is a teacher.'
 +
|}
 +
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|Calum
 +
|faiceallach.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|Calum
 +
|careful
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'Calum is (being) careful.'
 +
|}
 +
 +
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|Calum
 +
|anns
 +
|a'bhùth.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|Calum
 +
|in
 +
|the shop
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'Calum is in the shop.'
 +
|}
 +
 +
==Inverted Copular Constructions==
 +
 +
As indicated by the name of the construction, the word order is copular-predicate-subject. Copular-subject-predicate order is ungrammatical.
 +
 +
:{|
 +
|Is
 +
|mòr
 +
|an
 +
|duine
 +
|sin.
 +
|-
 +
|cop.pres
 +
|big
 +
|that
 +
|man
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'That man is big.'
 +
|}
 +
 +
:{|
 +
|*Is
 +
|an
 +
|duine
 +
|sin
 +
|mòr.
 +
|-
 +
|cop.pres
 +
|that
 +
|man
 +
|
 +
|big
 +
|}
 +
 +
:{|
 +
|Is
 +
|tidsear
 +
|Calum.
 +
|-
 +
|cop.pres
 +
|teacher
 +
|Calum
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'Calum is a teacher.'
 +
|}
 +
 +
:{|
 +
|*Is
 +
|Calum
 +
|tidsear.
 +
|-
 +
|cop.pres
 +
|Calum
 +
|teacher
 +
|}
 +
 +
==Augmented Copular Constructions==
 +
 +
Word order: Defective copular-pronominal augment-subject-predicate
 +
 +
:{|
 +
|'S
 +
|e
 +
|Calum
 +
|an
 +
|tidsear.
 +
|-
 +
|cop.pres
 +
|aug
 +
|Calum
 +
|the
 +
|teacher
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'Calum is the teacher.'
 +
|}
 +
 +
:{|
 +
|'S
 +
|e
 +
|Sean
 +
|Hamlet
 +
|a-nochd.
 +
|-
 +
|cop.pres
 +
|aug
 +
|Sean
 +
|Hamlet
 +
|tonight
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'Sean is (playing) Hamlet tonight.'
 +
|}
 +
 +
:{|
 +
|*'S
 +
|e
 +
|Hamlet
 +
|Sean
 +
|a-nochd.
 +
|-
 +
|cop.pres
 +
|aug
 +
|Hamlet
 +
|Sean
 +
|tonight
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| Intended: 'Sean is (playing) Hamlet tonight.'
 
|}
 
|}
  

Latest revision as of 07:21, 6 October 2013

Substantive Auxiliary Constructions

Bha Calum ag òl uisge beatha.
be.pst Calum asp drinking whiskey
'Calum was drinking whiskey.'
Tha Calum 'na thidsear.
be.pres Calum in.3sg.m teacher
'Calum is a teacher.'
Tha Calum faiceallach.
be.pres Calum careful
'Calum is (being) careful.'
Tha Calum anns a'bhùth.
be.pres Calum in the shop
'Calum is in the shop.'

Inverted Copular Constructions

As indicated by the name of the construction, the word order is copular-predicate-subject. Copular-subject-predicate order is ungrammatical.

Is mòr an duine sin.
cop.pres big that man
'That man is big.'
*Is an duine sin mòr.
cop.pres that man big
Is tidsear Calum.
cop.pres teacher Calum
'Calum is a teacher.'
*Is Calum tidsear.
cop.pres Calum teacher

Augmented Copular Constructions

Word order: Defective copular-pronominal augment-subject-predicate

'S e Calum an tidsear.
cop.pres aug Calum the teacher
'Calum is the teacher.'
'S e Sean Hamlet a-nochd.
cop.pres aug Sean Hamlet tonight
'Sean is (playing) Hamlet tonight.'
*'S e Hamlet Sean a-nochd.
cop.pres aug Hamlet Sean tonight
Intended: 'Sean is (playing) Hamlet tonight.'

See Also

Retrieved from "https://gaelicgrammar.org/~gaelic/mediawiki/index.php?title=Auxiliary_Constructions&oldid=4478"