Difference between revisions of "Formation of Verbal Nouns"

Revision as of 22:51, 14 June 2009

• for a definition of verbal noun see Verbal noun (definition)
• for a discussion of the uses of verbal nouns see Use of Verbal Noun
• for a comprehensive list of verbal nouns for various verbs see Verbal Nouns

This section is largely based on chapter 8 of Colin Marks (2006) Gaelic Verbs: Systemized and Simplified, although some extra generalizations and patterns are reported here.

Suffix -(e)adh (Mark's type 1)

The most common way to form a verbal noun is to suffix some version of the suffix -adh or -eadh (pronounced either /u/ or /əg/). There are several variants of this, listed bleow

Suffix -adh (Mark's type 1a)

One common way to form the verbal noun is to suffix -adh to a root ending a broad consonant.

Suffix -eadh (Marks type 1b)

Broaden and suffix -adh (Mark's type 1c, d, e)

This method is used for words ending in -aich, monosyllabic words ending in -ail, and -ich. To form the verbal noun, make the final consonant broad by doing one of the following:

• Type 1c: broaden final consonant, (i) e.g., dùin --> dùn, (ii) -ail --> al+adh, e.g., buail --> bualadh
• Type 1d: -aich --> -ach+adh, e.g., beannaich --> beannachadh
• Type 1e: -ich --> -each+adh, e.g. litrich --> litreachadh

broaden, syncope final syllable, suffix -adh (Mark type 1f)

where C stands for any consonant.

• type fi: Cail --> Cl+adh, e.g., fosgail --> fosgladh
• type fii Cail --> Cr+adh, e.g., cobhair --> cobhradh
• type fii Cainn --> Cn+adh, e.g., faochainn --> faochnadh
• relatedly without broadening: sluaisir --> sluaisreadh and innis --> innseadh or innse.

Verbal noun is the same as the imperative (Mark's type 2)

Broaden final consonant (Mark's type 3)

Suffix -amh

Suffix -t(a)inn

Suffix -e

Irregular non-suppletive changes

Suppletive verbal nouns