Difference between revisions of "De (preposition)"
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| − | de is a preposition meaning ''of'' | + | de/dhe is a preposition meaning ''of'' |
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| + | [[Category: Lexical Item]] | ||
| + | [[Category: preposition]] | ||
| + | *''For other prepositions see [[prepositions]]'' | ||
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| + | Gaelic [[preposition]], meaning roughly "of". It can also mean "from". It governs the [[dative]] case, and triggers [[lenition]] on the following noun. | ||
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| + | ==Simple forms== | ||
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| + | bare form: de<sup>L</sup> or 'dhe' | ||
| + | definite form: dhen 'of the' | ||
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| + | ==Basic inflected forms== | ||
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| + | Like most prepositions, ''de'' can be inflected for [[person]], [[number]], and [[gender]]. For example, to say "of me", we use the single word ''dhiom''. | ||
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| + | <TABLE columns="4" border=1 cellpadding=2, rules="all"> | ||
| + | <TR><TH colspan="2"><TH colspan="1">singular<TH colspan="1">plural | ||
| + | <TR><TH colspan="2">1st<TD>dhiom<TD>dhinn | ||
| + | <TR><TH colspan="2">2nd<TD>dhiot<TD>dhibh | ||
| + | <TR><TH rowspan="2">3rd<TH>Masc<TD>dheth<TD rowspan="2">dhiubh | ||
| + | <TR><TH>Fem<TD>dhith | ||
| + | </TABLE> | ||
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| + | ==Emphatic Inflected forms== | ||
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| + | Special emphatic forms are used if we want to emphasize the pronoun in the inflected preposition. (e.g. bhuamsa "from **me**") | ||
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| + | <TABLE columns="4" border=1 cellpadding=2, rules="all"> | ||
| + | <TR><TH colspan="2"><TH colspan="1">singular<TH colspan="1">plural | ||
| + | <TR><TH colspan="2">1st<TD>dhiom-sa<TD>dhinn-ne | ||
| + | <TR><TH colspan="2">2nd<TD>dhiot-sa<TD>dhibh-se | ||
| + | <TR><TH rowspan="2">3rd<TH>Masc<TD>dheth-san<TD rowspan="2">dhiubh=san | ||
| + | <TR><TH>Fem<TD>dhith-se | ||
| + | </TABLE> | ||
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| + | ==Possessive inflected forms:== | ||
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| + | There are two kinds of forms used when we want to use a preposition with a [[Possessive Pronoun (definition)|possessive pronoun]]. The first form is found primarily in writing, the reduced form is used in speech. | ||
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| + | ===Full forms (Traditionally used in writing)=== | ||
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| + | <TABLE columns="4" border=1 cellpadding=2, rules="all"> | ||
| + | <TR><TH colspan="2"><TH colspan="1">singular<TH colspan="1">plural | ||
| + | <TR><TH colspan="2">1st<TD>X<sup>L</sup><TD>X<sup>N</sup> | ||
| + | <TR><TH colspan="2">2nd<TD>X<sup>L</sup><TD>X<sup>N</sup> | ||
| + | <TR><TH rowspan="2">3rd<TH>Masc<TD>X<sup>L</sup><TD rowspan="2">X<sup>N</sup> | ||
| + | <TR><TH>Fem<TD>X<sup>H</sup> | ||
| + | </TABLE> | ||
| + | ''am'' is used instead of an "their" in front of words beginning with the [[labial (definition)|labial]] [[Consonant (definition)|consonants]] <nowiki><b>, <p>, <m>, and <f></nowiki> | ||
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| + | ==References== | ||
| + | Mark, Colin (2004) ''The Gaelic-English Dictionary/Am Faclair Gàidhlig-Beurla.'' London: Routledge | ||
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| + | ==Notes== | ||
| + | In this document, as elsewhere, <sup>L</sup> indicates [[lenition]] and <sup>N</sup> indicates [[eclipsis]], (prefixation of an n- before a word beginning with vowels, and a nasalization of the next consonant (not indicated in the orthography) and <sup>H</sup> indicates [[Antilenition]] (the prefixation of <h> before words beginning with vowels). | ||
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[[Category: Lexical Item]] | [[Category: Lexical Item]] | ||
[[Category: Preposition]] | [[Category: Preposition]] | ||
Latest revision as of 15:45, 3 August 2012
de/dhe is a preposition meaning of
- For other prepositions see prepositions
Gaelic preposition, meaning roughly "of". It can also mean "from". It governs the dative case, and triggers lenition on the following noun.
Contents
Simple forms
bare form: deL or 'dhe' definite form: dhen 'of the'
Basic inflected forms
Like most prepositions, de can be inflected for person, number, and gender. For example, to say "of me", we use the single word dhiom.
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | dhiom | dhinn | |
| 2nd | dhiot | dhibh | |
| 3rd | Masc | dheth | dhiubh |
| Fem | dhith | ||
Emphatic Inflected forms
Special emphatic forms are used if we want to emphasize the pronoun in the inflected preposition. (e.g. bhuamsa "from **me**")
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | dhiom-sa | dhinn-ne | |
| 2nd | dhiot-sa | dhibh-se | |
| 3rd | Masc | dheth-san | dhiubh=san |
| Fem | dhith-se | ||
Possessive inflected forms:
There are two kinds of forms used when we want to use a preposition with a possessive pronoun. The first form is found primarily in writing, the reduced form is used in speech.
Full forms (Traditionally used in writing)
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | XL | XN | |
| 2nd | XL | XN | |
| 3rd | Masc | XL | XN |
| Fem | XH | ||
am is used instead of an "their" in front of words beginning with the labial consonants <b>, <p>, <m>, and <f>
References
Mark, Colin (2004) The Gaelic-English Dictionary/Am Faclair Gàidhlig-Beurla. London: Routledge
Notes
In this document, as elsewhere, L indicates lenition and N indicates eclipsis, (prefixation of an n- before a word beginning with vowels, and a nasalization of the next consonant (not indicated in the orthography) and H indicates Antilenition (the prefixation of <h> before words beginning with vowels).
