Difference between revisions of "Experiencer Constructions"

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==Wanting: [[Bi (irregular verb)|bi]] + experiencer + ag + iarradh + theme==
 
==Wanting: [[Bi (irregular verb)|bi]] + experiencer + ag + iarradh + theme==
−
*Tha mi ag iarraidh cupa tì
+
:{|
−
 
+
|Tha
−
 
+
|mi
 +
|ag
 +
|iarraidh
 +
|[cupa ti].
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|1sg
 +
|Prog
 +
|want.VN
 +
|[cup of tea]
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'I want a cup of tea.' or 'I am asking for a cup of tea.'
 +
|}
  
 
==[[Bi (irregular verb)|bi]] + nominal + aig+ experiencer + air+theme==
 
==[[Bi (irregular verb)|bi]] + nominal + aig+ experiencer + air+theme==
  
 
===Love===
 
===Love===
−
*Tha gràdh agam ort
+
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|gràdh
 +
|aice
 +
|air
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|love
 +
|at.1sg
 +
|on.2sg
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'I love you.'
 +
|}
  
 
:{|
 
:{|
Line 22: Line 46:
 
|colspan="2"| 'I love you.'
 
|colspan="2"| 'I love you.'
 
|}
 
|}
−
*Tha gaol aice air
 
  
 
===Hate===
 
===Hate===
−
*Tha gràin aca orinn
+
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|gràin
 +
|aca
 +
|oirnn.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|hate
 +
|at.3pl
 +
|on.1pl
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'We hate them.'
 +
|}
  
 
===Knowledge===
 
===Knowledge===
−
*Tha fios agam
+
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|fios
 +
|agam
 +
|air
 +
|an
 +
|story.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|knowledge
 +
|at.1sg
 +
|on
 +
|the
 +
|story
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'I know the story.'
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
Note: ''fios'' 'knowledge' is used with inanimate things.
  
 
===Remembrance===
 
===Remembrance===
−
*Tha cuimhn' agam air  
+
:{|
−
 
+
|Tha
−
 
+
|cuimhn'
 +
|agam
 +
|air
 +
|Mairi.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|memory
 +
|at.1sg
 +
|on
 +
|Mary
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'I remember Mary.'
 +
|}
  
 
==[[Bi (irregular verb)|bi]] + nominal + air + experiencer==
 
==[[Bi (irregular verb)|bi]] + nominal + air + experiencer==
  
 
===Afraid===
 
===Afraid===
−
Tha an t-eagal orm
+
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|an
 +
|t-eagal
 +
|orm.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|the
 +
|fear
 +
|on.1sg
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'I am afraid (terrified/frightened).'
 +
|}
  
 
===Ashamed===
 
===Ashamed===
−
Tha an nàire orm
+
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|an
 +
|nàire
 +
|orm.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|the
 +
|ashamed
 +
|on.1sg
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'I am ashamed.'
 +
|}
  
 +
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|an
 +
|nàire
 +
|air
 +
|Iain.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|the
 +
|ashamed
 +
|on
 +
|Iain
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'Iain is ahsamed.'
 +
|}
  
 
===Drunk===
 
===Drunk===
−
Tha an deoch air
+
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|an
 +
|deoch
 +
|orm.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|the
 +
|drink
 +
|on.1sg
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'I am drunk.'
 +
|}
  
 
===In a hurry/Rushed===
 
===In a hurry/Rushed===
−
Tha cabhag orm
+
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|cabhag
 +
|orm.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|hurry
 +
|on.1sg
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'I am in a hurry.'
 +
|}
  
 
===Hungry===
 
===Hungry===
−
Tha an t-acras orm
+
:{|
−
Tha an t-acras air Morag
+
|Tha
 +
|an
 +
|t-acras
 +
|orm.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|the
 +
|huger
 +
|on.1sg
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'I am hungry.'
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|an
 +
|t-acras
 +
|air
 +
|Iain
 +
|(airson
 +
|beagan
 +
|teoclaid).
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|the
 +
|huger
 +
|on
 +
|Iain
 +
|(for
 +
|little
 +
|chocolate).
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'Iain is hungry for some chocolate.'
 +
|}
  
 
===Sleepy===
 
===Sleepy===
−
Tha an cadal orm
+
:{|
−
Tha an cadal air a chù
+
|Tha
 +
|an
 +
|cadal
 +
|orm.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|the
 +
|sleep
 +
|on.1sg
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'I am sleepy.'
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|an
 +
|cadal
 +
|air
 +
|Iain.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|the
 +
|sleep
 +
|on
 +
|Iain
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'Iain is sleepy.'
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
Rare version of the above sentence:
 +
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|Iain
 +
|cadalach.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|Iain
 +
|sleepy
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'Iain is sleepy.'
 +
|}
  
 
===Thirsty===
 
===Thirsty===
−
Tha am pathadh orm
+
:{|
−
Tha ma pathadh air Fiona
+
|Tha
 +
|am
 +
|pathadh
 +
|orm.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|the
 +
|thirst
 +
|on.1sg
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'I am thirsty.'
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|am
 +
|pathadh
 +
|air
 +
|Iain
 +
|(airson
 +
|leann).
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|the
 +
|thirst
 +
|on
 +
|Iain
 +
|for
 +
|beer
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'Iain is thirsty (for beer).'
 +
|}
  
 
===Toothache===
 
===Toothache===
−
Tha an dèideadh orm
+
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|an
 +
|dèideadh
 +
|orm.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|the
 +
|toothache
 +
|on.1sg
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'I have a toothache.'
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|an
 +
|dèideadh
 +
|air
 +
|Iain.
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|the
 +
|toothache
 +
|on
 +
|Iain
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'Iain has a toothache.'
 +
|}
  
 
==Own: [[Bi (irregular verb)|bi]] + possessed + le + possessor==
 
==Own: [[Bi (irregular verb)|bi]] + possessed + le + possessor==
−
*Tha an leabhar le Fiona
+
:{|
 +
|Tha
 +
|an
 +
|leabhar
 +
|le
 +
|Fiona
 +
|-
 +
|be.pres
 +
|the
 +
|book
 +
|with
 +
|Fiona
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'Fiona has the book.'
 +
|}
  
 
==[[Copula|Is]] + nominal + le + experiencer==
 
==[[Copula|Is]] + nominal + le + experiencer==
 
===LIke and Dislike===
 
===LIke and Dislike===
 
*Is toigh leum
 
*Is toigh leum
 +
:{|
 +
|'S
 +
|toigh
 +
|leum
 +
|coffaidh.
 +
|-
 +
|cop.pres
 +
|liking
 +
|on.1sg
 +
|coffee
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'I like coffee.'
 +
|}
 +
 
*Cha toigh leat
 
*Cha toigh leat
−
 
+
:{|
 +
|Cha
 +
|toigh
 +
|leat
 +
|coffaidh.
 +
|-
 +
|cop.neg
 +
|liking
 +
|at.2sg
 +
|coffee
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'You don't like coffee.'
 +
|}
  
 
==Cuir + N + air + experiencer==
 
==Cuir + N + air + experiencer==
Line 80: Line 378:
 
==Verbal ===
 
==Verbal ===
 
Còrd + theme + ri + experiencer "like"
 
Còrd + theme + ri + experiencer "like"
−
*Chord an latha ris "he enjoyed the day"
+
 
 +
:{|
 +
|Chord
 +
|an
 +
|latha
 +
|ris.
 +
|-
 +
|like.pst
 +
|the
 +
|day
 +
|to.3sg.m
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2"| 'He liked the day.'
 +
|}
  
 
==See Also==
 
==See Also==

Latest revision as of 07:09, 6 October 2013

Wanting: bi + experiencer + ag + iarradh + theme

Tha mi ag iarraidh [cupa ti].
be.pres 1sg Prog want.VN [cup of tea]
'I want a cup of tea.' or 'I am asking for a cup of tea.'

bi + nominal + aig+ experiencer + air+theme

Love

Tha gràdh aice air
be.pres love at.1sg on.2sg
'I love you.'
Tha gaol aice air
be.pres love at.1sg on.2sg
'I love you.'

Hate

Tha gràin aca oirnn.
be.pres hate at.3pl on.1pl
'We hate them.'

Knowledge

Tha fios agam air an story.
be.pres knowledge at.1sg on the story
'I know the story.'

Note: fios 'knowledge' is used with inanimate things.

Remembrance

Tha cuimhn' agam air Mairi.
be.pres memory at.1sg on Mary
'I remember Mary.'

bi + nominal + air + experiencer

Afraid

Tha an t-eagal orm.
be.pres the fear on.1sg
'I am afraid (terrified/frightened).'

Ashamed

Tha an nàire orm.
be.pres the ashamed on.1sg
'I am ashamed.'
Tha an nàire air Iain.
be.pres the ashamed on Iain
'Iain is ahsamed.'

Drunk

Tha an deoch orm.
be.pres the drink on.1sg
'I am drunk.'

In a hurry/Rushed

Tha cabhag orm.
be.pres hurry on.1sg
'I am in a hurry.'

Hungry

Tha an t-acras orm.
be.pres the huger on.1sg
'I am hungry.'
Tha an t-acras air Iain (airson beagan teoclaid).
be.pres the huger on Iain (for little chocolate).
'Iain is hungry for some chocolate.'

Sleepy

Tha an cadal orm.
be.pres the sleep on.1sg
'I am sleepy.'
Tha an cadal air Iain.
be.pres the sleep on Iain
'Iain is sleepy.'

Rare version of the above sentence:

Tha Iain cadalach.
be.pres Iain sleepy
'Iain is sleepy.'

Thirsty

Tha am pathadh orm.
be.pres the thirst on.1sg
'I am thirsty.'
Tha am pathadh air Iain (airson leann).
be.pres the thirst on Iain for beer
'Iain is thirsty (for beer).'

Toothache

Tha an dèideadh orm.
be.pres the toothache on.1sg
'I have a toothache.'
Tha an dèideadh air Iain.
be.pres the toothache on Iain
'Iain has a toothache.'

Own: bi + possessed + le + possessor

Tha an leabhar le Fiona
be.pres the book with Fiona
'Fiona has the book.'

Is + nominal + le + experiencer

LIke and Dislike

  • Is toigh leum
'S toigh leum coffaidh.
cop.pres liking on.1sg coffee
'I like coffee.'
  • Cha toigh leat
Cha toigh leat coffaidh.
cop.neg liking at.2sg coffee
'You don't like coffee.'

Cuir + N + air + experiencer

  • cuir cianals air "make homesick"
  • cuir iongnadh air "surprise"

Verbal =

Còrd + theme + ri + experiencer "like"

Chord an latha ris.
like.pst the day to.3sg.m
'He liked the day.'

See Also

External Links

References

  • Fisher, Muriel (2004). Scottish Gaelic Level 1. Seattle: Each-Mara Publications
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